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What Are IoT Access Control Systems? (How Does the Internet of Things Work?)

Are you a business owner, homeowner or security professional interested in improving access control?

The Internet of Things (IoT) revolution has given us unprecedented connectivity when it comes to monitoring and controlling our physical environment.

However, it also presents us with a new challenge. How do you maintain security while still allowing easy access for authorised personnel?

In this blog post, we’ll run through the different types of IoT access control options available and guide you on choosing which will best fit your needs.

A diagram explaining how Internet of Things (IoT) access control works.

What Is Access Control?

Access control is the process of limiting access to a physical space or system.

This could be something like granting employees keycard access to certain parts of your office, setting up a secure firewall for an integrated network, or allowing keyless door entry via a mobile device.

The goal of access control is to ensure that only authorised personnel are allowed in and unauthorised people are kept out.

What Are the Challenges of Access Control?

The key challenges that most access control systems face include scalability, supporting multiple sites, network transitions, security, privacy, data protection and update maintenance.

Scalability​

Access control needs to be scalable so that it can grow as your business or home needs expand.

Multi-Site Support

If you have multiple locations or offices, your access control system needs to be suitable for managing them all.

Network Transitions

Moving from an older system to a new one can be tricky, so it’s essential to choose an access control solution that’s easy to transition.

Security

Security is always a priority, so it’s vital to use an access control system that offers the latest and most secure features.

Privacy and Data Protection

It’s essential to ensure that all private data remains secure and that access control is implemented in a way that respects individual privacy.

Software and Hardware Updates

With technology constantly evolving, it’s important to keep your access control system’s software and hardware up to date to maintain a secure environment.

What Is IoT?

IoT is the concept of connecting devices to the internet to gather data or for use in automation.

In terms of access control, this could mean installing sensors on doors and windows, which you can monitor from a laptop or other associated devices and mobile apps. 

IoT provides greater efficiency and flexibility when granting and revoking access when integrated with an access control system.

What Are the Main IoT Access Control Options?

The main IoT access control options are cloud-based access, smart card entry, biometrics and IoT keypads.

Cloud-Based Access Control Systems

Cloud-based systems allow you to monitor and manage your access control system from anywhere with an internet connection.

This makes it easy to grant or revoke access and monitor activity in real time.

Smart Card Entry Systems

Using smart cards as an entry method is a great way to track who enters your premises.

They can be easily integrated with existing security systems and are ideal for businesses that wish to upgrade their access control system without requiring extensive installation.

Biometrics

Biometric systems are an increasingly popular choice that use fingerprint or facial recognition to identify authorised personnel.

Biometric access control is a great way to keep your premises secure without worrying about lost keys or passwords.

IoT Ecosystem

IoT doesn’t just have to be used in access control.

It can also be integrated into a broader ecosystem of connected devices (such as CCTVintruder alarmsfire safety systems and intercoms), all working together to create comprehensive layered security and fire protection.

By utilising the power of IoT and connected devices, i2 Security can help you plan, install and maintain an access control system that offers increased security, improved operational efficiency and cost savings.

Pros and Cons of An IoT Security System

Pros

  • Access from anywhere at any time.
  • Integration with existing building access control systems.
  • Cost savings.
  • Can handle both automatic and manual access controller operations.
  • Comprehensive audit trail to fully track the record of events.

Cons

  • High initial cost of installation.
  • Potential security risks and exposure of sensitive data if not implemented correctly.
  • Possibility of system failure if not monitored and maintained properly.
  • Technology not fully mature yet.

Frequently Asked Questions

What’s attribute-based access control?

Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) is one of the four main access control models. Check out our access control page to read more about ABAC (plus MAC, DAC and RBAC).

What are the four types of IoT wireless network access?

The four types of IoT wireless network access are cellular, LPWAN, LPWAN and mesh.

  1. Cellular: Leveraging the same wireless networks as mobile devices, cellular networks provide IoT devices with a reliable way to connect and communicate.
  2. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN): LPWAN IoT networks are designed to send data over long ranges.
  3. Local Area Networks/Personal Area Networks (LAN/PAN): Used for short-range communication via technologies such as Bluetooth and WiFi.
  4. Mesh Networks: Mesh networks use a series of nodes to relay messages and send data over greater distances.

What are IoT vulnerabilities?

According to the OWASP, the vulnerabilities of IoT are:

  • Username enumeration.
  • Weak passwords.
  • Account lockout.
  • Unencrypted services.
  • Lack of two-factor authentication.
  • Poorly implemented encryption.
  • Update sent without encryption.
  • Update location writable.
  • Denial of service.
  • Removal of storage media.
  • No manual update mechanism.
  • Missing update mechanism.
  • Firmware version display and/or last update date.
  • Firmware and storage extraction.
  • Manipulating the code execution flow of the device.
  • Obtaining console access.
  • Insecure 3rd party components causing security and privacy issues.

What is an Access Control List?

An Access Control List (ACL) is a list of rules that defines how different users or applications can access data and resources within an IT system. ACLs are commonly used as part of an overall security strategy for allowing or denying access. 

Final Thoughts

IoT access systems are a great way to increase security, improve operational efficiency and save money.

By leveraging the power of IoT, connected devices, and remote monitoring, you can create a comprehensive security system that is both effective and cost-efficient.

However, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons before deciding.

Using IoT access control systems can be complex, so it’s best to seek expert advice from an experienced security provider before you embark on your project. 

Contact i2 Security & Fire Protection today for expert advice on IoT systems. We’ll be happy to discuss the best options for your specific needs and help you create a secure building access management system that protects your assets, staff and customers.